Thursday 9 March 2017

CONTOH LAPORAN BERBAHASA INGGRIS FINAL TASK REPORT OF LIGHT VEHICLE ENGINEERING



FINAL TASK REPORT OF LIGHT VEHICLE ENGINEERING
PROGRAM PROJECT ENGLISH LANGUAGE
School year 2016/2017

AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSION ON CAR.
Arrangged by :

Name                                       : HANDOKO
                                                  FERI SETIONO
                                                  FEBRI SANDRA
                                                  INDRA AGUNG
Student’s number                    :
Grade                                      :
Competence program              : TEHNIK  DAN REKAYASA
Sub competence program        : TEHNIK  KENDARAAN RINGAN








SMK NAGARA KEDUNGGALAR
School year 2016/2017



PREFACE
Praise God Almighty for all the abundance of grace, and his instructions so that I can complete the preparation of paper Automatic Transmission On This car is in form and content that is very simple. Hopefully paper Automatic Transmission On This car can be used as a reference, instructions and guidance to the reader in education in automotive.
            My expectations may Papers Automatic Transmission On This car helps increase knowledge and experience for the readers, so I can improve the form and content Papers Automatic Transmission On This car so that the future can be better.
            Automatic Transmission Papers On The car I admit there are still many shortcomings because of the experience I have had very less. By because I expect readers to provide inputs that are build to perfection Papers Automatic Transmission On Mobile.


                                                                                    Kedunggalar,08 Maret 2017

                                                                                          Writer














TABLE OF CONTENT

TITLE                                                                                                                                    i
PREFACE                                                                                                                             ii
TABLE OF CONTEN                                                                                                         iii
CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION
A.    Background                                                                                                               1
B.     Problem formulation                                                                                                  1
C.     Purpose                                                                                                                      1
CHAPTER II: Discussion Materials
1. Understanding Automatic Transmission
2. The main components Automatic Transmission
3. Automatic Transmission Function
4. syncromesh
5. How the Automatic Transmission
6. Advantages, Weaknesses and
Caring means T. Automatic
Chapter III closing
1. Conclusions
2. References













PART I
PRELIMINARY


A. Background

            Transmission system, in automotive, is a system that becomes a conductor energidari engine to the differential and axles. By rotating axles, the wheels can spin danmenggerakkan mobil.Transmisi required for the combustion engine that is generally used dalammobil an internal combustion engine that produces rotation (rotation) antara600 to 6000 rpm. Meanwhile, the wheel rotates at a speed between 0 sampai2500 rpm.Sekarang rotation, there are two common transmission system, namely transmission manualdan automatic transmission. There are also systems of transmission which is gabunganantara both systems, but this is the latest development that barudapat found in high-tech cars and certain brands saja.Transmisi manual transmission is one of the widely used on the grounds easier maintenance , Usually at transimimanual consists of from 3 to 7 speed.Transmisi semi-automatic is the transmission that can make us dapatmerasakan system of manual or automatic transmissions, if we're using we do not need to sistemtransmisi manual clutch pedal as the clutch pedal transmisiini system already organized automatically. The automatic transmission consists of three main parts, namely: Torque converter, Planetary gear units and hydraulic control unit. The torque converter automatic sebagaikopling function and can increase the torque on the engine. While the torque converter consists of a pump impeller, turbine runner and stator. The stator is located between the impeller and turbine. The torque converter is filled with ATF (Automatic transmition Fluid). Momenmesin   moved            by       the      fluid   flow

B. Problem Formulation
This paper will discuss:
a. Understanding Automatic Transmission Systems
b. The main components of the automatic transmission
c. The function of the automatic transmission and the function syncromesh
d. How it works syncromesh
e. How Automatic Transmission Working On Car
f. Excellence, Weaknesses automatic transmission and how
    Caring for Automatic Transmission





C. Objectives
    The purpose of this paper is:
1. Describe about the notion of an automatic transmission.
2. To find out what are the main components of the automatic transmission.
3. Knowing how the workings of the automatic transmission.
4. Knowing the function of the automatic transmission.
5. Find out what are the benefits, weaknesses and how to care for an automatic transmission.

























CHAPTER II
DISCUSSION OF MATERIAL
1.      Automatic Transmission
Transmission system, in automotive, is a system that works for the conversion of torque and speed (revolutions) of the engine torque and speed be different to be forwarded to the final drives. This conversion changed the high rotational speed becomes lower but more powerful, or vice versa.
Example 5-speed transmission at 4,400 engine rpm
Gir numbers
gear ratio
RPM
exit shaft transmission
1
3.769
1.167
2
2.049
2.147
3
1.457
3.020
4
1.000
4.400
5
0.838
5.251

          The highest torque of an engine generally occurs around the middle of the permitted engine speed limit, while vehicles requiring the highest torque at the time began to move. In addition, vehicles running on roads that climb requires higher torque than a car that runs on a flat road. Vehicles that run at low speed requires higher torque than high speed. With the operating conditions vary, so it needed power transmission system so that needs can be met by the machine.
           The automatic transmission is controlled by simply moving the lever to position tertentu.Posisi speed automatic transmission lever are sorted by the format of the P-R-N-D-3-2-L, as there are from left to right or from top to bottom. Machines can only be switched on in the position P or N saja.Umumnya mode automatic transmission is as follows:
Position P (Park)
In this position, the vehicle can not move (the wheels can not be played) but the machine can be used for this dihidupkan.Posisi parked vehicle, or the vehicle for the purposes of the machine turned on but the vehicle is not running.
Position R (Reverse)
This position will be used to drive the vehicle backward.
Position N (Neutral)
In this position, the vehicle is not moving but the wheels can be rotated and the engine can be dihidupkan.Hanya position N and P machine can be turned on, the position of the transmission in neutral position N,
           usually used to start the engine before the vehicle starts up or when the vehicle is stopped while the engine, such as waiting for the green light at an intersection.
Position D (Drive)
          Position D, used to propel the vehicle moves forward automatically and can adjust the position of the working of the gear 1, 2 and 3, or vice versa, if the switch O / D in-position ON, the transmission can automatically manage the work of the gear 1, 2, 3 and 4 or vice versa. This position is usually used for the normal and average.
position 2
          This position is used to move the vehicle to move forward, but automatically only can adjust the position of the working of 1st gear to 2nd gear or vice versa, is usually used for street uphill or derivative sharp.
position L
          This position is used to move the vehicle moving forward but only on the first gear position only, typically used for very uphill road or a very sharp derivatives that can not be done on the second gear position.
2.  Main Components Automatic Transmission
A. TORQUE CONVERTER
            In the transmission system manual on how to connect power from the engine to the transmission to get to the wheel is a clutch (clutch). Because the clutch function is to connect and disconnect power play from the engine to the transmission. This is in contrast to the automatic transmission (automatic transmission), it also automatically synonymous with a job that was done without any human power or move on their own (with the engine).
In the automatic transmission system to channel power from the engine to the transmission is via torque converters. Thus, torque converters penganti clutch unit in the automatic transmission. Before we delve further into this torque converters form.
1. The function of the torque converter is:
a. Doubling the moment generated by the engine
b. Being an automatic clutch that transmits torque to the engine to the transmission
c. Absorb vibration machine
d. Smoothing the spin machine
e. As the oil pump to the hydraulic control system
2. Section - the main part of Torque Converters
          The main parts of torque converters (from left to right): Turbine Runner, Stator, Impeller Pump

3. How the torque converters
       The basic principle of the workings of torque converters were taken from two fan mounted facing each other, where one fan electrified (PLN) while the other was left without electrified. In this case the fan is not electrified will not rotate because of the wind from the fan who was dihadapanya the same direction, the basic principle is used in torque converters.

4. Lock up mechanism
           The torque converter is not always deliver power swivel to the transmission ratio of 1: 1, but there is a small force of around 4-5% is lost. This is certainly very harmful because it will result in wastage of fuel. To avoid this lock mechanism is made up mechanism that will lock torquer converter when the vehicle runs at a speed of 37 mph or 60 km / h or higher. When this mechanism works then turn the power of the engine will be channeled toward the transmission of 100%
B. planetary gear unit
             Planetary gear units are used to raise and lower the engine torque, raise and lower the vehicle speed, in use to reverse the vehicle and is used to move forward. Basically planetary gearunit machine used to generate power and move the vehicle with a heavy load with a power light.
The relationship between speed and engine torque can be described as follows:
When the vehicle is stopped and want to walk it takes a big moment, and in this position required a low gear to drive the vehicle. But at higher speeds it will need a high gear and small moments to keep the pace of the vehicle.

Here are the parts of the planetary gear unit
       picture . Planetary gear units
           Planetary gear have three types of ring gear, pinion gear, sun gear and planetary carrier.
Planetary carrier is connected with the central axis of each tooth pinion and make the pinion gear to rotate. The teeth on the planetary carrier relate to each other.
The pinion gear has a working principle resembles the planet revolves around the sun. Therefore, it is called a planetary carrier. Normally, planetary carrier combined in the planetary carrier unit.
Replacement of the planetary carrier input, output, and fixed elements, allowing for deceleration, rewind, direct links and acceleration.
C. HIDROULIC CONTROL SYSTEM
           This section controls the work of the brake and Koling on the automatic transmission to the pressure derived from the pump oil.
Hydraulic control unit has 3 functions as follows:
1. To generate / mengahasilkan hydraulic pressure
           The oil pump has the function to generate hydraulic pressure. Oil pumps generate the hydraulic pressure necessary for the operation of the automatic transaxle with a moving / rotating power converter box (engine).
2. Adjust the hydraulic pressure
            Hydraulic pressure is suppressed by the oil pump to be adjusted by the primary regulator valve. Also the throttle valve generates hydraulic pressure in accordance with engine output
3. Switching (shift) gear (to operate the clutch and brake)
          
When operating the clutch and brake in the planetary gear unit transferred (switch), switch gear. Fluid pathway created in accordance with the position of the shift by the manual valve. When the vehicle speed increases, the signal sent to the solenoid valve of the engine and ECT ECU (Electronic Control Unit). Operate each valve solenoid valve shifts to the displacement (shifting) gear displacement (shifting) gear
The main components of the hydraulic control unit is as follows:
 • Pumps oil                             • Valve body
• Primary regulator valve        • Manual valve
• Shift valve                            • Solenoid valve
• Throttle valve
 Automatic Transmission Fluid
             Automatic transmission oils have a high quality with a wide range of added material. Oil automatic transmission is controlled by a hydraulic valve through the transmission to shift gear and lubricate the rotating parts of the automatic transmission.
Automatic transmission oil must meet the requirements as follows:
• appropriate viscosity             • stable to heat and oxidation
• no foaming                           • corresponding coefficient of friction
• Color                                     • have added another ingredient
Automatic transmission oil (ATF) has a variety of viscosities and coefficients geseknya. It is important to know because the use miyka automatic transmission can be different for each type of vehicle.
The use of automatic transmissions miyak improper not only lower energy, but also can cause noise and damage others.
3. Automatic Transmission Function
           The transmission system functions: set the rate of speed in the process of power transfer, among others: unit clutch, transmission, diferential, shafts and on the vehicle,
Transmission function to adjust the rotational difference between the engine rotation through the coupling unit, with a round shaft out from the transmission and transmitted to the wheels through a propeller shaft, this arrangement meant that the vehicle is able to move in accordance with the load and speed of the vehicle.
The series: engine- clutch- Box-difreential- final gear gear- wheel.
Various road gear: spur, helical, double helical, epicycle (planetary gear).
1. Spur: groove shape straight teeth are used for gears
2. Helical: tilt to the axis of fixed gear that can not be dragged
3.2 helical: double grooves of teeth angled towards its axis and shifted perkaitanya bias.
4. epicycle: docking groove teeth straight and angled towards the shaft to the gear that is not fixed to the pivot point position (constan mesh).
Transmission components:
1. Transmission input shaft. 6. shift linkage (lever link)
2. Transmission gear. 7. The gear shifting lever)
3. syncroniser (tooth adjustment) 8. shift fork (fork switching)
4. Transmission case (home transmission) 9. exstension housing
5. The output shaft (output shaft) 10. Bearing
syncromesh
            Syncromesh functions that are components of the adjustment between the driver and driven round the gear box to facilitate pekaitan between gears when changing speed.
Syncromesh components on the vehicle's manual transmission unit:
1. constant mesh pinion          6. synching hub
2. dog teeth                             7. selector fork
3. sleeve                                  8. ball / pin
4.. key spring                           9.shaft playing
5. sad speed gear
Syncromesh type is used on manual transmission vehicles to date.
            How the system works syncromesh: when syncromesh moved left toward the gear 1, then syncromesh hub 4, will terdoorng left and getting stronger, it will give friction against the gear in question such that a decline in rotational speed between the gear in question and put the brakes on lap through konisnya up rotation between the gear that will be related to the same ±. So that the friction between the sleve and teeth begin to touch.
Speeling between syncromesh and dog teeth is (0.1 - 1mm)

How it works syncromesh:
1. in neutral teeth in a state associated with tooth or double decker bunk (counter gear) but can rotate freely on the output shaft.
2. When the teeth touch
 a. When the lever is driven in the direction of the arrow 1st gear, clutch hub and shifting key will be associated in a prominent part in the middle thus will be moved to the shifting power key. Then shifting key will encourage syncromesh ring on tapered tooth gear .Its core where these teeth begins to rapidly putaranya syncromesh ring at the same time, will be withdrawn by the teeth, thus the clutch hub and syncromesh ring to face each other with the others, with part- part protruding out of alignment.
 b. Bial shift lever we push harder, clutch shifted further by shifting key, ring syncromesh be dragged and cause clutch hub and ring syncromesh strongly encourage each other, as long as power is moved third gear will increase the speed. Until finally the clutch hub and third gear, is at the same pace.
 c. Clutch hub has disyncronasikan (adjusted) syncromesh ring being free in the direction putaranya thus the clutch hub has been associated with third gear.

How to transfer power to the transmission 4 speed and 1 reverse (backward)
1. at the time of neutral, when position clutch hub, clutch hub sleve in neutral, the engine power is transferred to the transmission as follows:
Transmission input shaft to the main drive gear. Then to the counter gear (gear maid) had to gear ratio> 1.2.3
At the time of 1st gear, input shaft> the main drive gear> counter gear> to gear 1> to clutch hub sleeve> output shaft, applies also to the comparison sequence of torque to gear 2 and 3 but only the difference in the teeth comparisons are junlahnya not the same ,
In order gearshift 4 slightly different, namely: input shaft> the main drive gear> clutch hub sleeve> output shaft.
In order gearshift backwards (reverse gear) are: input shaft> the main drive gear> counter gear> idle gear clutch hub> sleeve fork> output shaft.
 Steps - steps to remove the RF transmission.
1. 5. The transmission oil waste off the transfer rod
2. off the propeller shaft unit 6. The loose buffer
3. off the speedometer cable unit (speed sensors) 7. off lever setter
4. loose coupling 8. setter off the motor starter











CHAPTER III
COVER


1. Conclusion:
          The transmission system, in automotive, is a functioning system for the conversion of torque and speed (revolutions) of the engine torque and speed be different to be forwarded to the final drives. This conversion changed the high rotational speed becomes lower but more powerful, or vice versa.
           Transmission gears-gears (gears) from low to high ratios to maximize engine torque according to the changes that occur during driving. There are two kinds, namely manual and automatic transmissions. On manual transmission used is a clutch and lock unlock a wide variety of gear sets to obtain different gear ratios. The automatic transmission using a torque converter and planetary gears (gear satellite) to create a set of gear produce different gear ratios.
           Gearshift on the automatic transmission automatically in accordance with the position of the lever, there are 6 positions, namely, position P, R, N, D, 2 and L. As for Over Drive (O / D) using the existing switch on the gear lever, as well to improve work performance, especially transmission gearshift times are 2 poisisi switches placed in the console box, the Power and Normal (P / N) mode.
















BIBLIOGRAPHY

http://indrasetiawan17.wordpress.com/2011/06/21/pengertian-transmision-pada-mobil/
August 25, 2012 at 18:30
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http://m-edukasi.net/online/2008/transmisimanual/fungsi.html
August 25, 2012 18:45 hours
http://muslimhidayat-07.blogspot.com/2012/02/sistem-transmisi.html
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http://sistemtransmisikendaraan.blogspot.com/
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http://m-edukasi.net/online/2008/transmisiotomatis/materi02b.html
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http://m-edukasi.net/online/2008/transmisiotomatis/materi02.html
August 26, 2012 at 15:00















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